Social Psychology As A Whole - 1509 Words

This artwork took a lot of thought and I wanted to demonstrate more than just a topic, but rather Social Psychology as a whole. The piece has three aspects, there is a person to the left hand side at a closer look to represent a person as an individual, the mirror with the main person’s reflection on how the individual views themselves and how others would see the main person, then groups of people to the right of the image. This is broken down into groups that the main person associates with, the group that the main person does not associate with, and the person of romantic interest for the main person. The colors that are in every person’s ‘brain’ in the groups (including the main individual) is the person’s personality and individual self. All of these parts show different aspects of social psychology. The first person on the left hand side represents an individual in their true form. In the female’s head there is a brain and the swirls of color represents her personality and shows her true self. Therefore, this does not show how she actually views herself. This is a representation of a person’s schema (or thinking structure) and their self-concept (the belief set of one’s attributes). The bright colors represent the good traits a person can have (ordinarily, the traits that are considered ‘good’ on a societal level). The darker colors represent the not so pleasant personality traits someone can have. The good traits someone can have would be altruism, compassion, andShow MoreRelatedSchool of Thoughts in Psychology1604 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Schools of Thought in  Psychology When psychology was first established as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major schools of thought that have influenced our knowledgeRead MoreGestalt Therapy Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesGestalt therapy is a therapeutic approach in psychology that helped foster the humanistic theories of the 1950s and 1960s and that was, in turn, influenced by them. In Gestalt philosophy, the patient is seen as having better insight into himself or herself than the therapist does. Thus, the therapist guides the person on a self-directed path to awareness and refrains from interpreting the patient’s behaviors. Awareness comprises recognition of one’s responsibility for choices, self-knowledge, andRead MoreCommunity Psychology1488 Words   |  6 Pagesand contrast community psychology with the public health approach Introduction In this essay, I will critically compare and contrast community psychology and the public health model in terms of their origins, core concepts, strengths and pitfalls of each approach, similarities and differences and in what way these approaches do or do not supplement one another. Community Psychology according to The Cambridge Dictionary of Psychology is defined as â€Å"a branch of applied psychology that focuses on person-environmentRead MoreCommunity Psychology and Public Health Approaches to Social Problems in South Africa806 Words   |  3 PagesMy aim in this paper is to analyse community psychology and public health and distinguish between the two approaches. Community Psychology focuses on economic, environmental, political and social factors that influence the way in which people all over the world live their lives. It also touches on social factors that contribute or causes problems in various societies. Public Health on the other hand, according to Tutorial Letter 102/0/2014, is defined as being concerned with â€Å"preventing disease andRead MoreHealth And Health Of The World Health Organization Essay1289 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of health according to t he World Health Organization is: â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†. It is the goal of health psychologists to identify and understand what determines physical, mental, and social well-being. Rather than focusing on mental illness, it focuses on physical health. The aim of health psychology is to promote and maintain health, prevent and treat illness, identify and diagnose the correlation betweenRead MoreGestalt Paper732 Words   |  3 PagesGestalt Psychology Reflection Paper PSY/310 Desirà ¨e Ray 2/1/16 Melody Thompson The word Gestalt means a unified whole. Based on that understanding, Gestalt psychology looks at things as a whole versus in pieces or parts. The thoughts of Gestalt psychology is that we are processing the world around us, we don’t just focus on the small, seemingly insignificant things. Instead our mind perceive our surroundings as parts of a greater whole. The Gestalt psychology school played a major role inRead MorePsychology And Sociology And Psychology1612 Words   |  7 PagesWhen we think of society or people, and their behavior, psychology and sociology come to our mind. This is because they are academic fields that posses the same main idea, which is the study of the behavior. Although these two sciences have enormous differences, for those whom never had read anything about this topics it would seem the same. Despite bearing some superficial similarities, the differences between sociology and psychology are pronounced. Actually the main contrast between them isRead MoreThe Theories Of Gestalt Psychology1503 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopment of Gestalt Psychology Phrases such as â€Å"seeing the forest from the trees† and â€Å"the whole is greater than the sum of the parts† have roots grounded in the same ideals of Gestalt psychology. These phrases best describe the purpose of Gestalt psychology in how they emphasize focusing on the big picture and not just the colors. The Gestalt concept of perception is how the mind understands the world around it by seeing it in whole forms, not simple elements. The human brain and consciousnessRead MorePsychology1731 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The Different schools of psychology Structuralism- the first school of thought headed by Wilhelm Wundt, a German, and later by E.B. Titchener started in 1879 when experimental psychology was gaining more incentive. The structuralists, as they called themselves, thought of psychology as the study of conscious experience. They started components experience. They started that all complex substances could be analyzed through their component elements. They held that elementary mental states such asRead MoreThe Importance Of Self Esteem1630 Words   |  7 Pageseffects humans it is important to differentiate it from its oft confused cousin: confidence. In order to understand the importance of self-esteem it is necessary to establish a basis. Both definitions that are hereby given were extracted from the Psychology Dictionary in order to maintain consistency. Therefore to begin, self-confidence is the varying levels of trust we place in our skills, reasoning, and capacity. For example: David has high self-confidence in his ability to complete the task at hand

Essay on Leadership Styles - 795 Words

The leadership styles of the United States Presidents can make them effective or it can limit their effectiveness. The effectiveness of the President has direct effect on the American people. Presidents Dwight Eisenhower and John Kennedy were two leaders that had major influences in the mid-20th century. Both men played a key role in the United States involvement in Vietnam. The experiences, styles of leading, and characteristics of both President’s Dwight Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy intensified the level of involvement the United States had in the Vietnam experience. Even though the leadership styles may have differed, the two leaders refused to let communism spread (Moss, 2010). Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy’s leadership†¦show more content†¦President Eisenhower gave the command to intervene in southern Vietnam and replace the French (Moss, 2010). This was to maintain a non-Communist state thereby halting the potential spread of Communism. President Kennedy was interested in multiple perspectives on policy; he listened to different sources on conflicting views and planned for debates prior to decision making (Preston, 2001). Kennedy wanted political rest and peace in Vietnam but knew that without US involvement, the fighting and attacks on Vietnam would increase. Because of this, the United States became more heavily involved which meant more military forces and money being spent. Kennedy had made decisions to violate the provisions of the Geneva agreements of 1954, thereby increasing the U.S. military significantly in Vietnam. â€Å"Kennedy was not trying to win in Vietnam: he was doing only enough not to lose† (Moss, 2010). This sense of leadership by Kennedy was devised to protect the U.S. by only having a limited partnership with the Vietnam government. For President Kennedy, as a Director, he kept active involvement in policy process and needed assurance that his own thoughts and ideas would dominate the end result. However, as the Navigator, he trusted his advisory team and kept an open advisory system â€Å"characterized by a mixed formal-informal advice network† (Preston, 2001). With the dual leadership style the President called forShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles : Leadership Style780 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Leadership style is designed according to a pioneer s behaviors, which is enveloped under behaviorist theory. Inside of this class, distinctive examples of leadership behavior are watched and classified as leadership styles. Practicing managers have a tendency to be the most keen on looking into this specific theory in light of the fact that with it leaders can modify their style taking into account the convictions, values, inclinations and society of the association they work for.Read MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1399 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is leadership? Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines leadership as â€Å"the power or ability to lead other people†. Although this is simply put, it is also correct. But leadership is much more than the ability to lead. The ability is one piece of the puzzle. Other pieces to consider in leadership are education, attributes, and style, just to name a few. In this assignment, I will focus on leadership style. Speci fically, I will discuss my style according to the assessment developed byRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles897 Words   |  4 PagesThe last style of leadership is delegative leadership in which the leader delegates tasks to the employees. This leader is able to derive satisfaction from allowing the staff to participate in decision making responsibilities (Brody and Nair, 2014, p. 4). These leadership styles are not set in stone and characteristics may overlap into other leaderships styles. The leadership style that would best suit a rural area is participate leadership style. In rural areas agencies and organizations lack resourceRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Style851 Words   |  4 Pageswant to give critical thought to your unique leadership style and foster genuine followership, learn from what’s out there and weave it into something meaningful and authentic.† (Feiner, 2015) For the last two weeks, I have spent time self-analyzing and soul searching to identify the qualities I bring to a leadership role. Many of the core values important to me also align between the participative leadership style and laissez-faire leadership style. These values include working in a team environmentRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style995 Words   |  4 PagesLeaders are expected to use a leadership style, communication skills, and their knowledge of interpersonal and team dynamics to create an appropriate quality of work life for their followers in the workplace. A leadership style is a combination of a leader’s attitude, expertise, character, and values that is exhibited in the leader’s behavior. Each style of leadership reflects a leader’s beliefs about a follower’s capabilities. A follower’s perception of leadership style really matters to them, as theyRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles934 Words   |  4 PagesThere is much that is written about leadership; like books on l eadership styles, techniques and also biographies of leaders that have inspired people to action. While this is true, there is the everyday leadership and a slightly different outlook to leadership as well. Here are a few of them. 1. There Are Different Kinds of Leaders Among leaders are formal and informal leaders. Formal leaders are elected to their positions like congressmen, senators and office bearers of clubs. Informal leadersRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style979 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own leadership style. In her article, Johnson (n.d.) discusses five leadership styles: Laissez-Faire, autocratic, transactional, transformational and participative. Laissez-Faire has a French origin and it means â€Å"a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering† (Oxford dictionaries, 2016). When leaders take total control, such as making all decisions alone and does not ask for the input of the employees, they are using the autocratic leadership style. ThisRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesprobably feel as if they know enough about leadership to speak on the subject. In many cases, however, this is not truly the case at all. Leadership is a broad concept , and there are several different styles and approaches to consider when studying the topic. It is important to consider these styles and approaches when evaluating the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of any particular form of leadership. With that in mind, this essay will consider the leadership styles of two leaders who are involved in theRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Leadership Styles1994 Words   |  8 Pagesthat leadership is a kind of ability or activity which a leader could straight affect and guide their followers to achieve certain objectives in the specific situation (John Calvin Maxwell,2011). The shifting internal elements and increasing external competitions have posed growing demanding to managers’ leadership approaches. However, managers are provided with various personalities or perspectives, accordingly, managers are not accomplishing their aims by using similar styles. The leadership styleRead MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1088 Words   |   5 PagesConsider what leadership or management style speaks most to you. Discuss that particular style, explain why it fits you better than others. Alternatively, consider the leadership or management style fits you least. Explain what is least desirable with that style from your perspective. What leadership or management style speaks most to me? They are a few leadership styles that I venerate. The Transformational Leadership, the Visionary Leadership, and the Charismatic Leadership styles are the most

Patellar Vs Hamstring Tendon Grafts Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Long rubric: Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts are a More Efficient Surgical Technique than Hamstringing Tendon Grafts in ACL Reconstruction Surgery Abstraction The paper compares the consequences of multiple published articles about the advantages and disadvantages between bone-patellar tendon-bone transplants and hamstring tendon transplants for the Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament ( ACL ) . There is much difference on which surgical technique is the best pick. Biau, Tournoux, Katashian, Schranz, and Nizard ( 2006 ) suggest that bone-patellar tendon-bone transplants are still preferred because it offers better stableness over hamstring tendon transplants which have lower morbidity or complications after surgery. We will write a custom essay sample on Patellar Vs Hamstring Tendon Grafts Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Research by Poolam, Farrokhyar, and Bhandari ( 2007 ) found grounds that agrees with Biau et Al. ( 2006 ) that hamstring tendon transplants consequence in decreased morbidity but showed consequences that weakens the grounds that bone-patellar tendon-bone transplants provide better stableness. However, many restrictions for this research subject exist. Some factors include sawboness with more expertness in one of the two techniques, grade of articulatio genus flexure, tenseness applied to the transplant at clip of arrested development, bone to cram versus sinew to cram healing, and rehabilitation. The quality and efficaciousness of each of the tests may be subjective so it is hard to come to a unequivocal decision. This paper will merely show and compare the findings of each of the research articles. The ACL is a really of import ligament which helps link the castanetss of the articulatio genus articulation and is the most often injured ligament of the articulatio genus ( Andrade, Cohen, Picarro, A ; Silva, 2002 ) . The ACL provides stableness for the articulatio genus and decreases force per unit area on the articulatio genus articulation. It limits anterior interlingual rendition of the shinbone on a fixed thighbone. It besides limits rotational motions of the articulatio genus. A tear to the ACL consequences from pulling of this ligament normally due to a sudden halt and distortion of the articulatio genus or a force to the anterior articulatio genus ( Anderson, Hall, A ; Martin, 2005 ) . The ligament can be torn partly or wholly. Normally surgery is required to mend a lacerate ACL. There are a figure of techniques to make so but the two most used techniques are the bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasty, which use the in-between tierce of the patientaa‚Â ¬a„?s pa tellar sinew, and the hamstring sinew autoplasty, which uses portion of the patientaa‚Â ¬a„?s semitendinosus or gracilis sinew. It is debatable as to which technique yields the best consequences in concern with healing and chronic complications. Research by Aglietti, Giron, Buzzi, Biddau, A ; Sasso ( 2004 ) was in favour of utilizing the patellar sinew for surgery and found that there was a tendency toward better stableness in the bone-patellar tendon-bone group became significant. A higher rate of articulatio genus instability in the hamstring sinew group was attributed to inadequate transplant arrested development. The patients that had the transplant fixed with a spiked washer and a cortical prison guard had stableness comparable with that of the bone-patellar tendon-bone group. Despite these differences, the consequences concluded that when accurate and proved surgical and rehabilitation techniques are used, both bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties and hamstring autoplasties are tantamount options for ACL Reconstruction. Although, with bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties, hurting with kneeling and reduced sensitiveness in the anterior articulatio genus was reported. Besides, there was a higher prevalence of femora l tunnel widening with hamstring tendon autoplasties. Harmonizing to Biau et Al. ( 2006 ) bone-patella-bone autoplasties are presently popular becauseAA they are thought to give a higher per centum of articulatio genus stableness with a higher rate of return to pre-injury athleticss. The most common ailment of this process is anterior articulatio genus hurting when kneeling. The consequences showed that hamstring tendon transplants typically have a faster recovery and less articulatio genuss pain with kneeling but may see a lessening in hamstring strength. An article by Andrade et Al. ( 2002 ) which favored bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties found that quadriceps strength was ever worse than the uninvolved leg. Thigh perimeter and hamstrings: quadriceps ratio and were besides well lower on the involved leg, 60 % , when compared to the uninvolved leg, 90 % . This damage was attributed to the usage of the patellar sinew for the surgical process because it causes harm and failing in the extensor mechanism of the articulatio genus. Feller, Siebold, A ; Webster ( 2004 ) suggest that some writers believe ACL Reconstruction utilizing hamstring tendon autoplasties are non every bit good as bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties, while still others suggest that hamstring tendon autoplasties are preferred. However, their research found that both methods of ACL Reconstruction give satisfactory consequences but hamstring tendon autoplasties are associated with fewer symptoms, a greater return to pre-injury degree of activity, and higher quality of life tonss. Research by Poolman et Al. ( 2007 ) concluded by sensitiveness analysis that hamstring tendon autoplasties cut down anterior articulatio genus hurting and have lower morbidity. This decision is besides supported by Biau et Al. ( 2006 ) which found that patients who received hamstring sinew autoplasties reported fewer anterior articulatio genus symptoms and extensor failing than patients with a bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasty. Zelle et Al. ( 2006 ) confirmed through the usage of corpses that ACL Reconstruction utilizing hamstring tendon autoplasties provide better anterior stableness than bone-patellar tendon-bone transplants. The research seems to demo that in the bulk of the instances, utilizing hamstring tendon autoplasties in ACL Reconstruction surgery may be a more efficient surgical technique than bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties in some instances. Although the research has been done, bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties are the more popular and often used process. Some believe in biological advantages like mending from sinew to cram in hamstring tendon autoplasties takes longer to mend than bone to cram in bone-patellar tendon-bone autoplasties ( Aglietti et al. , 2004 ) . Another ground may be because hamstring tendon autoplasties are a newer technique and the sawbones is more comfy and has more experience with other techniques. A successful recovery depends on more than which surgical process was used. Complications can happen and non every surgery has the same consequences as the following. Even though much of the research tends to be nonreversible, it is hard to do an accurate determination on which process is more efficient in footings of stableness and morbidity, particularly with so many different variables to see. Aglietti et Al. ( 2004 ) stated that it is non possible to clearly demo that one transplant is better than the other. The pick of the transplant should be made on the patientaa‚Â ¬a„?s penchants and on the surgical technique in which the sawbones is skilled. It is more likely that the quality of surgical technique, transplant arrested development, and rehabilitation are more of import than the transplant pick in ACL Reconstruction. How to cite Patellar Vs Hamstring Tendon Grafts Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Accounting Theory Flagship Company

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theory for Flagship Company. Answer: Introduction The flagship company and the proud of German work culture in the segment of automotive industry, Volkswagen had faced the worst hit during its long 78 years tenure of manufacturing of vehicles in the form of cars. The company had faced it in 2014 which posed the worst threats to the existence of the company by culture while they were detected of with the violation of emission of green gas from their vehicles at US. This incident has direct impact on the companys self esteemed ego of outstanding confidence and leader of the market. The abnormal signs of the products of the company had been first found by a non-profit organization named International Council on Clean Transportation but the same dilemma was existed since long, even since decades. This had not been exposed by the official of the company for the purpose of defusing the test of emission. The test, when made, had been failed disastrously to comply the US clean air standards as per the parameter fixed by the authority. After detection of the same, the same had been taken to the notice of the company management but none had accepted the awareness of the facts. Ultimately the issue had been notified through a memo to Mr. Winterkorn, the CEO of Volkswagen of that time which was with the content of the abnormalities of the emission of the cars in 2014, but the company had not lent their ears to this fact and reluctantly insisted on the old practice of manufacturing of cars with the defeat devices till the last of the year of 2014. In the month of June, 2014, the German prosecutors had declared that Mr. Wintrekorn had been put under vigilance for the purpose of investigation of the wrong practices adopted by the company to manufacture and place their vehicles in the market and had not initiated any steps to announce that the company was in the process of facing the inquiry relating to this scandal. At the same time, a civil complaint had also been lodged at New York by the attorney general against Mr. Matth ias Muller; the current CEO of the company regarding this scandal and with this, the level of investigation had touched the highest level of Volkswagen management (GUILBERT GATES, 2016). Body Possible accounting issues to be faced by Volkswagen As per the literature of Parker, Guthrie Linacre, 2011, emphasized in the subject of impact of accounting system on corporate activities with the measurement of its positivity or negativity observed the changes of transformation has the ability to make certain effects from micro changes in the attitudinal approach and the respective practices connected to the specific changes in the area of fixation of policy. These changes may happen in the domain of Corporate Social Responsibility of that company or found in the aspects of behavior or attitude in the outlook driven by professionalism to safeguard the interest of stakeholders in respect of equality or diversity(Parker, 2011). This specific incident had been named as defeat device of Volkswagen and it may create impact in the issues related to accounting of the company while considering the replenishment of the damages is concerned along with the valuation of intangible asset in the form of goodwill of the company. There are other direct impacts in the form of expenses to be incurred by the company for the purpose of repairing and maintaining of the cars with defeat device causing the emission scandal with other reciprocal steps like buy back option and cash payment for the purpose of replenishing the damages which had been amounted to the tune of US $ 14.07 billion to different stakeholders like Environmental Protection Agency, to name one of them(EWING, 2013). Role of Stakeholders The stakeholders play a major role for running the business. The stakeholders are of tow types, internal and external. Internal stakeholders are the employees of the company while the external stakeholders comprises of the supply chain associates, customers, the government and all other identities which are allied to this company. Volkswagen has a big range of stakeholders the management of whom is with diversified stakeholders organization which endorses its product and services to meet the expectation of them to add value with the bigger area of relationship between the company and the stake holders. There are external stakeholders in the forms of analysts, investors talents, customers, neighbors, competitors, suppliers, business associates, public authorities and non governmental organizations (Volkswagen, 2013). To discuss the way the stakeholders got affected, we have to realize the different stakeholders and their role in the company and then only we will be able to understand how they are going to be affected. The internal stakeholders like employees would face the impact of being demoralized with the incident which actually raised question on the integrity of the company with its policy. The external stakeholders like the analysts will find the impact on the financial aspect of the company and analyze them with pre and post facto the incident. They will derive the result how the company got affected with the fiasco in the share market and with their financial reports. The global customer base will loose their confidence and trust on the company and its products and gradually leave the brand. The supply chain associates are more concerned with the bunch of ancillary industries attached to this company. In nut shell the company and its stakeholders will loose the bondage which was there since 78 years of inception. Motive of Volkswagen The management knew this scandal since long but they had not reacted by taking the remedial measures just because they were under tremendous pressure to perform their sales as the company had made marketing drive in the US for the cars made by Volkswagen to generate optimum level of turnover with subsequent revenue and profit. (Hotten, 2015) Accounting Theories of Volkswagen The fiasco of defeat device by Volkswagen had no direct impact with the accounting principle because this is the decision of the production management. But the accounting professional of the company cant deny their role in this aspect as they are supposed to highlight the issue to the stakeholders regarding the process management of the fiasco along with the implication of financial aspects to make them enable about the future action in this regard. The accounting theories known as IFRS, Rookies were able to develop the International Accounting Standard IAS 37. This is active in the domain of provision making, creation of contingent liabilities, and assets. This accounting theory is proved to be instrumental to help Volkswagen to define its scandal by determining its losses which needs subsequent provisions from the reserves they have to make to combat the problem in the perspective of financial accounting of Volkswagen. (IFRS, 2016). Steps to be Taken by Volkswagen As per IFRS Rookies IAS 37, the following steps are to be taken by the management: Identifying the economic event Notifying the same to the stakeholders Anticipating the impact of the event Identifying the financial concepts to combat this event. Discuss the improvement of the issue Determination of the non-alignment of the concept with principles Derive the minimum disclosure (IFRS, 2016). Compare and Contrast of Accounting Theories There are two types of methods on which the accounting theories are made- deductive and inductive methods. The deductive methods starts from application of accounting principles and reach the outcome which seems to be logical while inductive theory starts from findings and measurement to have the conclusion of generalized outcome. In this case, the application of inductive method should be applied which wills tart from the derived loss and then take proper steps to make the stakeholders comfortable.(scribd, 2015) Theory and Practice Theory and Practice The theory is being tested through three different process for its applicability- dogmatic, self evidence and scientific. Out of these three, the scientific approach will be th best option to justify the accounting theory by applying IAS 37 of IFRS Rookies as it provides the framework of scientific background, so that it can be considered as the most applicable theory. (scribd, 2015). Conclusion The happening of the Volkswagen scandal had put the company in a high level of humiliation of its corporate status is concerned. The company ahs to reinstate the old status to bring the stakeholders trust and confidence through the application of proper accounting theory which is suitable to match the need of the company with successful implication of the same. References EWING, H. T. (2013). Volkswagen to Pay $14.7 Billion to Settle Diesel Claims in U.S. The New York Times . Guilbert Gates, J. E. (2016). Explaining Volkswagens Emissions Scandal. The New York Times . Hotten, R. (2015). Volkswagen: The scandal explained. Retrieved September 15, 2016 IFRS. (2016). Our Teaching Philosphy. Retrieved September 15, 2016, from https://www.ifrsrookies.com/teaching-philosophy.html Parker, G. . (2011). Accounting for Impact?: Accounting research engaging with business, practice and the profession. CPAC , 7. scribd. (2015). Introduction to Accounting Theory. Retrieved September 15, 2016, from https://www.scribd.com/doc/19010247/Accounting-theories-and-practices Volkswagen. (2013). sustainabilityreport2013. Retrieved September 15, 2016, from https://sustainabilityreport2013.volkswagenag.com/strategy/stakeholder-management